Africa has been coveted for its riches ever since the era of the Pharaohs. In past centuries, it was the lure of gold, ivory, and slaves that drew fortune-seekers, merchant-adventurers, and conquerors from afar.
In modern times, the focus of attention is on oil, diamonds, and other valuable minerals. Land was another prize. The Romans relied on their colonies in northern Africa for vital grain shipments to feed the population of Rome. Arab invaders followed in their wake, eventually colonizing the entire region.
More recently, foreign corporations have acquired huge tracts of land to secure food supplies needed abroad, just as the Romans did. In this vast and vivid panorama of history, Martin Meredith follows the fortunes of Africa over a period of 5,000 years.
With compelling narrative, he traces the rise and fall of ancient kingdoms and empires; the spread of Christianity and Islam; the enduring quest for gold and other riches; the exploits of explorers and missionaries; and the impact of European colonization.
He examines, too, the fate of modern African states and concludes with a glimpse of their future. His cast of characters includes religious leaders, mining magnates, warlords, dictators, and many other legendary figures—among them Mansa Musa, ruler of the medieval Mali empire, said to be the richest man the world has ever known. "I speak of Africa,” Shakespeare wrote, "and of golden joys.” This is history on an epic scale."
AJ Bull Bull –
Black Hatred: Is Black Hatred a colonial Remnant ? by Awuor Nyar Oketch
Oketch’s analysis is the structural mechanics of colonial governance. The narrative meticulously traces how imperial authorities institutionalized “divide and rule” strategies, manufacturing artificial hierarchies based on shade, ethnicity, region, and proximity to Western ideals. By elevating select subgroups while systematically marginalizing others, colonial regimes embedded a persistent survival mechanism within Black communities: to move closer to power meant moving farther away from oneself and one’s peers.
Oketch illustrates how these structural fractures migrated from legal codification into community norms. Phenomena such as rampant colorism, virulent xenophobia across national borders, and destructive tribalism are exposed as the predictable residue of a system built to prevent collective solidarity. The work demonstrates that when a populace is taught that safety and status are zero-sum commodities granted by an external ruler, horizontal hostility inevitably replaces unified resistance.